a. Disease trend
b. High risk group
c. Monitor effectiveness of control program
d. Population at risk
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Ans: d
v HIV Sentinel Surveillance (HSS) in India:
- Started in 1998. 13 rounds completed so far.
- The overall HIV prevalence among ANC clinic attendees is considered a proxy for prevalence among the general population,
- HIV estimates of prevalence, incidence and mortality developed based on findings from HIV Sentinel Surveillance enable the programme in assessing the impacts at a macro level. Provides essential information to understand the trends and dynamics of HIV epidemic among different risk groups in the country.
- The 13 round of HSS was implemented during 2012-13 where HIV prevalence among ANC clinic attendees was 0.35%. The highest prevalence was recorded in Nagaland (0.88%)
Highlights of Methodology of HSS at each ANC Clinics site
- Sample Size: 400 per HSS site
- Duration: 3 months at each HSS site
- Frequency: Every 2 yearly
- Sampling Method: Consecutive
- Inclusion Criteria: Pregnant Women, aged 15-49 years, attending the antenatal clinic for the first time during HSS period
- Testing Strategy: Unlinked Anonymous
- Testing Protocol: Two Test Protocol
v Integrated Biological and Behavioral Surveillance (IBBS):
The high risk groups and bridge population that National IBBS covers across the country are
- Female Sex Workers (FSW),
- Men who have Sex with Men (MSM),
- Trans-genders (TG),
- Injecting Drug Users (IDU),
- Migrants (MIG) and
- Currently Married Women (CMW) (not ANC mothers)
v Current HIV Prevalence Statistics:
- ANC : 0.35 %
- Migrants : 0.99%
- Truckers : 2.59%
- Female Sex Workers : 2.67%
- Men Having Sex with Men : 4.43%
- Injectable Drug Users : 7.14%
- Transgenders : 8.82%
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